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G J. M. HAYNA.

FURNACE.

No. 369,285. Patented Aug. 30, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT rricn.

' CLEMENTINA J. M. HAYNA, on sT. Louis, MISSOURI.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 369,285, dated August 30, 1887.

Application filed August 30, 1886. Serial 30.212355. (No model.)

To all whom 2125 may concern:

Be it known that I, OLEMENTINA J. M. HAI'NA, residing in St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My improvement is applicable to most, if not all, kinds of fire-places, stoves, and heating-furnaces, as well as furnaces for stationary and locomotive engines; but for purposes of description its different features are shown in the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification in connection with the boiler of a stationary steam-engine.

The objects of my improvement are, first, to cause an unusually complete and economical combustion of the fuel used 5 second, to avoid the generation of smoke as far as practicable; and, third, to consume all smoke generated. These objects are attained most completely when all the features of my hereinafter-described improvement are employed in combi nation in the manner explained below; but I do not desire to be limited to the combination of all the features thereof, for there are vari ous sub-combinations in which they may be used to advantage, and some of them may be applied advantageously to ordinary furnaces, stoves, and fire-places without being combined with either of the other features, as will be ob vious to the practical construetionist;

The following is a full, clear, and exact description of my improvement, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part of this specification, in whieh Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2 of a furnace and boiler having my improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section on line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Similar letters refer to similar parts.

A is the main combustion-chamber; B, the bridge; 6, an auxiliary combustion-chamber; D, the grate; E, the ash-pit; F, the bridge-support; G, the space beneath the fine.

a a is an air-inlet in the walls of the furnace and ash-pit near the bridge.

9 is an inlet in the walls of the chamber G. Only one inlet on each side of the chamber is shown in the drawings. I prefer that number; but more may be used.

The inlets as and gshould be provided with suitable dampers, and those of a a should be so arranged as to permit of the air being shut off above the level of the grate without closing the lower part of the inlet, and vice versa.

I prefer to place the bearing-bars H some distance from the ends of the grate-bars, so as to afford the latter the most effectual possible support and have their ends free and the airinlets a a unobstructed. The object in havin the bearin -bars rounded on top as shown in the drawings, h h, Fig. 1, is to prevent ashes or clinkers from collecting upon them.

The different features of my improvement operate when used in combination as follows: The combustion-chamber Abeing charged with the burning fuel and the air-inlets opened, the air enters the space G behind the bridge-support through 5/ and passes forward beneath the bridge through the openings f f f into the ashpit E and rises up and passes through the airinlets a and a and the grate into the combustion-chamber A. Air also enters the ash-pit through that portion of the airinlets a a eX- tending below the grate, and passes up through the passages a and a and the grate into the chamber A. The upward draft is so great that the air in rushing through 'the grate into the combustion-chamber causes the gratebars to rock upon their bearings, and this motion of the bars tends to sift out the ashes as they form and keep the air-passages open. The lighter and more inflammable gases which are generated between the front end and middle of the furnace in the process of combustion rise to the top of the chamber A and pass in flames over the bridge at 1) into the auxiliary combustionchamber 0. The smoke generated between the front end and middle of the furnace also rises and passes toward the top of the bridge, but at a lower level than the gases, in consequence of its greater specific gravity. Before reaching the bridge, however, this smoke is met by a blast of air entering at the inlets are, and is driven back and down toward the burning fuel near the middle of the chamber, at the same time being mixed with fresh air and spread out over the fire. It then passes back near the level of the incandescent fuel in the back of the chamber toward the openings 0 c 0 until it meets the blast of air entering at the inlet (6 and is somewhat detained thereby near the bridge, where the fire is hottest, at the same time receiving a fresh admixture of air. Any smoke unconsumed then passes with the bridge B, perforated at c, agrate comalong with an admixture of air through the posed of the bars D D, the bearings H H, the 15 perforations in the bridge at c c 0 into the auxiliary combustion-chamber G, the air-inchamber Oand rises and mixes with the blazlets g f, and the ash-pit, substantially as de y 5 ing gas entering through the passage 1) and is scribed.

entirely consumed. Witness my hand.

I do not confine myself to the particular forms of the different parts of my improvement, for OLEMENTINA J. M. HAYN A. various equivalents thereof will at once sug- 10 gest themselves to a skilled mechanic. 7 Witnesses:

I claim- O. D. MOODY, The combination of the eombustion-cham- H. SILVESTER.

her A, having the air-inlets a a, as described, 

